The american criminal justice system asks:

• What law was broken?
• Who broke that law?
• How can the person who broke that law be punished?

The police investigate crimes that have been committed in the community and arrest individuals who are suspected of committing those crimes.

The criminal justice process usually begins when an individual is taken into police custody either at the scene of a crime or at a time later after conducting an investigation that indicated probable cause to believe that individual has committed a particular crime.

Law enforcement are entitled to seize any and all evidence found during the search of a suspect that help to connect the law-breaker with the crime, the victim or with the scene of the crime. Police officers then provide to the Prosecutor's Office all the evidence gathered about the crime. The prosecutor reviews the evidence and decides whether to charge the defendant and what the charges should be.

Prosecutors weigh many factors when deciding whether to charge a person with a crime, including the seriousness of the offense and the strength of the evidence.

If there is not enough evidence to charge the suspect or to prove the charge in court, the deputy prosecutor may decide not to file formal charges.

Probable cause is the legal requirement for an arrest when there is a reasonable link between a specific individual and a particular crime.

EVIDENCE INCLUDES:

• The proceeds of the crime 
• Any distinctive clothing 
• Any tools used to commit the crime

TYPES OF CHARGES:

Misdemeanors: A crime punishable by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than ninety days, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

Gross misdemeanors: All crimes other than felonies and misdemeanors are gross misdemeanors.

Felonies A, B, C: These are serious crimes punishable for more than one year of imprisonment. A class “A” felony is the most serious when a class "C" felony is the least serious. Examples of felonies are drug trafficking, burglary, robbery, and murder.

The american criminal justice process varies from state to state, and the U.S. federal criminal justice system has its own rules, procedures, and terms to describe the stages of the proceedings.

Sources of rules in the criminal justice process include the:

• U.S. Constitution and state constitutions, 
• The Bill of Rights, 
• The U.S. Code and state codes 
• Court decisions, 
• Federal rules of criminal procedure and state rules of criminal procedure 
• and department and agency rules and regulations 

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